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However, over time, other coatings have been discovered. So, in the 19th century, there were attempts to cover tablets with silver or gold, but they passed through the digestive system with little or no effect. Also in the 1800s, gelatin was obtained, which later became the basis for the creation of capsules. In 1843, the British artist and inventor William Brokedon received a patent for a machine capable of making tablets and lozenges in production. Its principle of operation was based on compressing the powder into a tablet without the use of glue.

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Also, the Roman scientist Pliny, who lived in 23-79 AD, first mentioned "pills", by which the international community understands modern tablets, capsules and dragees.

However, there are situations when it is not possible to choose a drug in an alternative form to tablets

Compressed tablets are by far the most popular dosage form. About two-thirds of all prescriptions are in solid dosage forms, most of which are tablets. The tablets can be administered orally (swallowed), as well as sublingually, cheek, rectally and intravaginally. Tablet sizes can vary from a few millimeters to a centimeter. Attempts to get young children to take treatment pills can often be unsuccessful, because, even with a swallowing reflex from birth, it is quite difficult to convince a child to swallow the drug. In this regard, children can be divided into two groups - before and after 3.5 years, which can be explained by the possibility of meaningful persuasion of the child.

It is much easier to teach how to take pills to treat children over the age of 3.5, due to the presence of meaningful behavior in the child

As a rule, it is quite difficult to get children to take pills for the treatment of certain diseases, and therefore most drug manufacturers have in their assortment drugs that are more affordable for use at this age - aerosols, drops, tinctures, solutions and syrups (depending on from the place to be influenced). Therefore, the attending physician, in most cases, prefers liquid medicines when treating a child.

Also, instead of taking pills for the treatment of children, injections may be recommended, however, their implementation in very young children can be problematic (in relation to intravenous injections) and, moreover, it is very difficult (with the need for long-term therapy, which has a substitution nature).

As a rule, preference in training is given to unauthorized persons (medical workersinstitutions), but this can also be done by relatives. As a rule, the child should be taught in advance, before the development of the disease, provided that the child does not have lesions of the oral mucosa and esophagus.

It is better to start training with small, smooth tablets without an unpleasant odor and taste (as a rule, these are vitamins)

In such cases, you can sometimes try to crush the drug and, diluting it in a teaspoon with plain water, give it to the baby. However, this can often reduce the effectiveness of the drug, both due to its sedimentation on the esophagus, which has a low resorptive capacity (compared to the small intestine and stomach), and due to the fact that a number of tablets (coated and gastro-resistant), when interacting with gastric juice lose their effect due to the destruction of the main active ingredient. The same applies to capsules, in connection with which their destruction with the direct intake of the powder contained inside can quite often nullify the effect of the treatment.

To be successful in teaching a child over 3.5 years of age to take pills on their own, it is recommended that the following conditions be met: make efforts to increase the child's interest in swallowing tablets and capsules without chewing them; show by your own example how to swallow a pill; to communicate with the child, use simple and understandable commands, guiding the child, who must take and swallow the pill himself, and then drink it with water to teach the baby the correct position of the pill on the tongue (not on the tip and not too deeply, as this can cause the development of emetic reflex); after successful swallowing of the pill by the child, reward the baby with something tasty or some kind of toy.

However, there is also a negative point after teaching a child to take pills on their own. So, many children, not realizing the possible consequences, take a large number of pills, which in most cases leads to poisoning. For example, in 2002, the American Poison Control Association recorded more than 2.4 million drug poisonings, with more than half of the cases occurring in children under 6 years of age. Children from 1.5 to 3 years old were at the greatest risk of poisoning. At the same time, it was noted that the less the body weight, the higher the risk of death, since the risk of developing a lethal concentration of the drug in the blood plasma is high.

It is forbidden to give more than 2 tablets in one session, as there is a possibility of developing allergic reactions and other complications. To prevent the development of this unpleasant situation, one should not only make medications less accessible, but also warn the child not to take pills without the permission of adults.

There are situations when a child needs treatment, but adults do not want to waste time visiting a specialist and give the child the same medications that they themselves once took for similar symptoms. This is a big problem, since in children, due to the peculiarities of the functioning of the body, there is a high probability of developing side effects not only due to the discrepancy in the dosage of the tablets, but also due to the insufficient development of a number of enzyme systems.

Most adults believe that there is no need to visit a specialist, since there is a large amount of information on the Internet on the treatment of a particular disease. However, few people understand that a qualified doctor comprehensively evaluates a specific clinical situation and looks for ways to most effectively solve the problem using the most recent international protocols.

In this regard, a fairly large number of drugs are sold only by prescription (this is especially widespread in the United States of America, where the purchase of most drugs is a problem). And this is a completely reasonable step, since there are a large number of possible side effects that can be observed when taking certain medications. In this regard, before taking any tablets, you should read the instructions for use.

Much attention should be paid to the use of tablets during pregnancy, since drugs entering the bloodstream of the mother's body can not only change the functioning of the body, causing impaired respiration and nutrition of the fetus, but also penetrate the hematoplacental barrier, having a teratogenic effect (disrupt development from the embryo to fetus).